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VOL. 10, ISSUE 2 (2025)
Exploring the diagnostic value of lymphocytes in dengue fever, beyond leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
Authors
Dr. Priya Nandy
Abstract
Dengue fever, the "break-bone
fever," remains a formidable global health challenge, particularly in
tropical regions. With no specific antiviral treatment, early and accurate
diagnosis is crucial. Among the key hematological red flags, leukopenia and
thrombocytopenia stand out as silent yet powerful indicators of disease
progression. This study delves into the dynamic hematological changes in dengue
patients, aiming to unravel the intricate relationship between platelet
depletion, white blood cell alterations, and disease severity. By unraveling
these patterns, this work aims to improve risk classification and early
identification. Data for this prospective study was collected from multiple
Government hospitals across West Bengal (Dec 2023 – Jan 2024) to examine 250
febrile patients for dengue positivity using NS1 antigen and IgM ELISA tests.
Hematological parameters were meticulously analyzed using advanced automated
hematology systems, with statistical validation through SPSS 24.0. Among 111
confirmed dengue cases, a striking hematological signature emerged—marked
leukopenia (<4000 cells/cumm) and thrombocytopenia (<150,000
platelets/µL). Patients fell into four distinct clusters: those with isolated
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, both, or neither. The presence of both conditions
strongly correlated with severe dengue manifestations. Lymphocyte and
neutrophil trends further underscored their pivotal role in disease evolution.
Regression models and correlation analyses reinforced the predictive power of
these blood markers. Dengue’s hematological footprint provides a critical
diagnostic edge. The interplay of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia is not just a
diagnostic hallmark but a window into disease severity. Harnessing these
insights can revolutionize early dengue detection and patient management.
Further research is warranted to explore their full prognostic potential.
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Pages:32-36
How to cite this article:
Dr. Priya Nandy "Exploring the diagnostic value of lymphocytes in dengue fever, beyond leukopenia and thrombocytopenia". International Journal of Advanced Research and Development, Vol 10, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 32-36
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