Education plays an important role in the process of social and economic transformation of a society. Women’s education plays a pivotal role in improving living standards not only of the individual families but also of the nation. It is rightly, therefore, remarked that if a boy is provided education only one family benefits whereas if a girl gets education two families benefit. In fact, literacy and education among women improve the quality of life both at home and outside of home, by encouraging and promoting education of children, especially female children, and in reducing the infant mortality rate. But in a patriarchal society girls and boys do not have equal rights for education. Parents think that investment of money on girl’s education is wastage because after marriage girls move to their in-law’s house and their natal family has no right on their income, if any. On the other hand, boys augment family income when they join workforce. That is why literacy and education among women is far less as compared to their male counterpart in a patriarchal society. The process of development brings about qualitative change in the material conditions of people and makes life easier and more comfortable than before. It is also instrumental in removing inequality between different segments in society. However, so far as gender inequality is concerned, the process of development appears to be nearly inconsequential. Differential treatment of a son and a daughter continues to exist as reflected in select social and demographic indicators. Differential access to education is one such instance which invariably leads to low opportunity for career building of female children as compared to their male counterpart. The discussion in this section is based on the estimates of District Report Card (DRC). DRC is a comprehensive district specific database pertaining to elementary education in India, and is compiled by National University of Educational Planning and Administration as part of District Information system for Education (DISE).