Sericulture is an extremely labor intensive industry and occupies a pivotal position from the point of providing employment and additional income to weaker sections. Sericulture activity brings regular income to the community without any bias of caste, creed, gender, or religion. India is the only Country in the world to produce all the four known varieties of silk including Mulberry, Eri, Tasar and Muga. In 2013-2014 the employment in sericulture sector were 7.85 million persons and it goes up to 8.51 in 2016-17.The total raw silk production was 26480 MT in 2013-14 which is recorded as 30265 MT in 2016-17. In Chhattisgarh Tropical Tasar and mulberry are reared on commercial scale. In 2016-17 the Total raw silk production in Chhattisgarh claimed as 361 MT. The sericulture industry has witnessed a quantum jump in raw silk productivity. The crucial aspect of sericulture lies in its capacity to generate more employment both on-farm and off-farm activities, especially in rural areas. The employment potential is much greater in silkworm rearing activities than mulberry cultivation. It provides profitable occupation to small and marginal farmers. Sericulture provides an excellent and unique opportunity for socio-economic progress in the context of developing country like India, being a highly labour intensive industry. Sericulture is rightly known as "Industry of the poor". More than half of the labour force used in cultivation of mulberry and silkworm rearing was contributed by women labour. Women’s participation was high in rearing sector than mulberry cultivation. A great deal of variation exists in their participation across different sericulture regions and socio economic groups and also across their age, status in the household and educational levels. The study concludes with some suggestions to improve the long term feasibility of sericulture.